Tad-artha eva drishyasya atma

Summary

Yoga Sutra 2.21 states: “Tad-artha eva drishyasya atma.” This sutra explains that the existence of the seen (drishya) is solely for the purpose of the seer (atma).

Analysis

Tad-artha

Translation: For the purpose of.

Meaning: Tad-artha indicates that the existence and functioning of something are intended for a specific purpose. In this context, it refers to the purpose that the seen serves for the seer.

Eva

Translation: Only.

Meaning: Eva emphasizes the exclusivity of the purpose. It signifies that the seen exists solely and exclusively for the seer’s benefit and experience.

Drishyasya

Translation: Of the seen.

Meaning: Drishyasya refers to all that is perceptible by the senses, including the physical world, thoughts, emotions, and experiences. It encompasses everything that the seer observes.

Atma

Translation: The seer or self.

Meaning: Atma refers to the true self or pure consciousness, which is the observer of all experiences. It represents the witness aspect of an individual.

Significance of the Sutra

Yoga Sutra 2.21 is significant as it highlights the relationship between the seen (drishya) and the seer (atma). By understanding that the seen exists solely for the purpose of the seer, practitioners can develop a deeper appreciation for the role of the external world in their spiritual journey. This sutra emphasizes the importance of recognizing that the external world and its experiences are meant to serve the seer’s growth and understanding.

Common Interpretations

Traditional Interpretation

In traditional yoga teachings, this sutra underscores the purpose of the material world in the context of spiritual growth. Practitioners are encouraged to view the external world as a tool for learning and self-discovery. The emphasis is on understanding that the seen exists to facilitate the seer’s journey towards enlightenment and self-realization. By cultivating this perspective, practitioners can detach from the external world and focus on their inner development.

Modern Interpretation

In modern contexts, practitioners often interpret this sutra as a call to recognize the value of experiences and interactions in their personal growth. The seen, including the physical world and life events, is viewed as an opportunity for learning and self-improvement. By acknowledging that the external world serves the seer’s purpose, individuals can approach life with a sense of curiosity and openness, using each experience as a stepping stone towards greater self-awareness and fulfillment.

Yoga Sutra 2.21 provides a profound insight into the purpose of the external world and its relationship with the seer. Whether approached through traditional or modern lenses, its teachings offer valuable guidance for understanding the role of the seen in facilitating the seer’s spiritual growth and self-realization.