Yoga Sutra 1.42

Tatra śabdārtha-jñāna-vikalpaiḥ saṅkīrṇā savitarkā samāpattiḥ

Summary

Yoga Sutra 1.42, “Tatra śabdārtha-jñāna-vikalpaiḥ saṅkīrṇā savitarkā samāpattiḥ,” translates to “In this state, the mind is mixed with word, meaning, and knowledge, leading to savitarkā samāpatti (deliberative absorption).” This Sutra describes a meditative state where the mind engages in a deliberative process involving words, their meanings, and associated knowledge.

Analysis of the Sutra

Tatra (In this state):

“Tatra” refers to the specific meditative state being discussed. It sets the context for the type of samāpatti (absorption) being described.

Śabdārtha-jñāna-vikalpaiḥ (Word, Meaning, and Knowledge):

This phrase indicates the elements involved in the deliberative process. “Śabda” means word, “artha” means meaning, and “jñāna” means knowledge. The mind engages with these elements, reflecting on their interconnections.

Saṅkīrṇā (Mixed):

“Saṅkīrṇā” suggests that these elements are not separate but intertwined. The mind processes words, their meanings, and the knowledge they convey in a combined manner.

Savitarkā (Deliberative):

“Savitarkā” refers to a type of samāpatti where the mind engages in a deliberate and analytical process. It involves reasoning and reflection on the objects of meditation.

Samāpattiḥ (Absorption):

“Samāpattiḥ” denotes a state of absorption or deep meditative focus. In this context, it is a state where the mind is deeply engaged in the deliberative process involving words, meanings, and knowledge.

Significance of the Sutra

Foundation of Analytical Meditation:

This Sutra highlights the importance of analytical meditation in the practice of yoga. It emphasizes the role of deliberate and reflective thinking in understanding the nature of objects and concepts.

Integration of Knowledge:

The Sutra underscores the integration of words, meanings, and knowledge in the meditative process. This integration is crucial for achieving a deeper understanding and insight.

Path to Higher States:

Savitarkā samāpatti is an important step on the path to higher states of meditation. It prepares the mind for more advanced stages of absorption by developing clarity and insight through analytical thinking.

Common Interpretations

Traditional Interpretation:

Traditional commentators often emphasize the importance of reasoning and reflection in this state of samāpatti. They highlight the role of deliberate thinking in achieving a deeper understanding of the objects of meditation.

Modern Interpretation:

Modern interpretations frequently focus on the cognitive aspects of this Sutra. They view it as a testament to the power of analytical thinking and reflection in achieving mental clarity and insight. This perspective underscores the relevance of yogic practices in developing cognitive skills and understanding.

Yoga Sutra 1.42 illustrates the significance of deliberative absorption in the practice of yoga. It highlights the importance of analytical thinking and reflection in achieving deeper states of meditation and understanding. This Sutra serves as a reminder of the transformative power of focused and deliberate practice.